Black-body radiation

\(E=\sigma T^4\), Stefan-Boltzman Law. \(\sigma=5.67\cdot10^8\). \(U(\nu,T)=A\nu^3\exp(-\beta\nu/T)\)

Oscillators \(\nu\) are quantized by energy such that \(E=n\hbar\nu\), \(n\in\mathbb{N}\).

• \(U(\nu,T)=\frac{8\pi\nu^2}{c^3}\frac{\hbar\nu}{\exp(\hbar\nu/(k_BT))-1}\)